{"id":4619,"date":"2021-04-19T11:49:39","date_gmt":"2021-04-19T11:49:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.domenca.com\/podpora\/?post_type=kb&p=4619"},"modified":"2021-04-19T12:37:09","modified_gmt":"2021-04-19T12:37:09","slug":"poraba-strezniskih-sredstev","status":"publish","type":"kb","link":"https:\/\/www.domenca.com\/podpora\/kb\/poraba-strezniskih-sredstev\/","title":{"rendered":"Poraba stre\u017eni\u0161kih sredstev"},"content":{"rendered":"

Za nemoteno delovanje va\u0161e spletne strani ali aplikacije je zelo pomembno, da imajo programi (Apache spletni stre\u017enik, MySQL stre\u017enik ipd.) na voljo zadostno koli\u010dino stre\u017eni\u0161kih sredstev<\/strong>\u2014prostor, RAM, CPU, I\/O itn.<\/p>\n

V primerih, ko sredstva niso prese\u017eena, aplikacije delujejo nemoteno. \u010cim pa katerega izmed sredstev zmanjka, se v delovanju aplikacij (in celotnega VPS stre\u017enika) lahko pojavijo te\u017eave<\/strong> (npr. nedostopnost strani).<\/p>\n

Poskrbimo, da poraba stre\u017eni\u0161kih sredstev VPS ne presega zakupljenih koli\u010din<\/strong>. S tem bomo zagotovili, da bodo tako VPS stre\u017enik kot tudi vse aplikacije na njem nemoteno delovale.<\/p>\n

1 Pregled porabe prostora na stre\u017eniku<\/h3>\n

Eden klju\u010dnih stre\u017eni\u0161kih sredstev je prostor<\/strong>, ki je aplikacijam (in operacijskemu sistemu) na voljo. K sre\u010di nam je v sklopu Linux operacijskih sistemov na voljo vrsta ukazov, s katerimi lahko preverimo diskovno zasedenost in ob prekomerni zasedenosti ustrezno ukrepamo.<\/p>\n

1.1 Prijava na stre\u017enik<\/h4>\n

V prvem koraku se prek protokola SSH prijavimo<\/strong> na svoj VPS stre\u017enik. Kot privzeto nas bo sistem postavil v korensko mapo uporabnika<\/strong> (v primeru root<\/i> dostopa bo to mapa \/root<\/i>).<\/p>\n

1.2 Pregled zasedenosti glavnih particij<\/h4>\n

Sistemi Linux imajo za pregled zasedenosti prostora pripravljen koristen ukaz df<\/i> (ang. disk filesystem<\/i>), ki povzame zasedenost prostega in zasedenega prostora na napravi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

# df -h<\/pre>\n
Zgornji ukaz nam bo izpisal stanje zasedenosti prostora<\/strong> in nam z mo\u017enostjo -h <\/i>(ang. human readable<\/i>) \u0161tevilke podal v bolj prijazni obliki\u2014kilobajtih, megabajtih, gigabajtih.<\/p>\n
Filesystem\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Size\u00a0 Used Avail Use% Mounted on\r\n\r\nudev\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 953M \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0 953M \u00a0 0% \/dev\r\n\r\ntmpfs \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 194M\u00a0 712K\u00a0 194M \u00a0 1% \/run\r\n\r\n\/dev\/sda1\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 19G\u00a0 2.6G \u00a0 16G\u00a0 15% \/\r\n\r\ntmpfs \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 970M \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0 970M \u00a0 0% \/dev\/shm\r\n\r\ntmpfs \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 5.0M \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0 5.0M \u00a0 0% \/run\/lock\r\n\r\ntmpfs \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 970M \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0 970M \u00a0 0% \/sys\/fs\/cgroup\r\n\r\n\/dev\/sda15 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 61M\u00a0 2.7M \u00a0 58M \u00a0 5% \/boot\/efi\r\n\r\ntmpfs \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 194M \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0 194M \u00a0 0% \/run\/user\/0<\/pre>\n
Iz pridobljenega izpisa je razvidno, da je korenska mapa \/<\/i> velika 19 GB in v sebi dr\u017ei najve\u010djo koli\u010dino podatkov (2,6 GB), kar predstavlja pribli\u017eno 15% zapolnjenost.<\/p>\n
1.3 Dolo\u010danje najbolj obse\u017enih direktorijev<\/h4>\n
Na podlagi zgoraj zapisanega nas bi, sploh v primerih prekomerne zasedenosti, zanimalo v kateri mapi, direktoriju, se skriva najve\u010dja koli\u010dina datotek in za katere vrste datotek gre. V primeru, da gre za nenujne datoteke (npr. starej\u0161e rezervne kopije, neaktualne stre\u017eni\u0161ke zapise ipd.) lahko te navadno odstranimo in s tem sprostimo ve\u010d GB prostora na stre\u017eniku.<\/p>\n
# cd \/<\/pre>\n
Z zgornjim ukazom se pomaknemo v korensko (ang. root<\/i>) mapo, ki je skladno z gornjim izpisom tudi v najve\u010dji meri zasedena. Z naslednjim ukazom bomo zasedenost posameznih map \u0161e nekoliko razdelali.<\/p>\n
# du -sh \/*<\/pre>\n
Zgornji ukaz, du<\/i> (ang. disk usage<\/i>) se od prej\u0161njega df<\/i> razlikuje predvsem v podrobnosti izpisa\u2014ukaz df<\/i> predstavlja zelo grobo \u201cpti\u010djo perspektivo\u201d porabe celotnega diskovnega prostora VPS stre\u017enika medtem ko je izpis ukaza du<\/i> mnogo podrobnej\u0161i in se navezuje na zasedenost posameznih map znotraj datote\u010dnega sistema.<\/p>\n
0\u00a0 \u00a0 \/proc\r\n\r\n76K\u00a0 \u00a0 \/root\r\n\r\n712K\u00a0 \u00a0 \/run\r\n\r\n0\u00a0 \u00a0 \/sbin\r\n\r\n4.0K\u00a0 \u00a0 \/srv\r\n\r\n0\u00a0 \u00a0 \/sys\r\n\r\n72K\u00a0 \u00a0 \/tmp\r\n\r\n1.6G\u00a0 \u00a0 \/usr\r\n\r\n974M\u00a0 \u00a0 \/var<\/pre>\n
Iz pridobljenega izpisa lahko vidimo, da najve\u010dji del prostora zaseda ravno mapa \/usr<\/i>. Smotrno bi bilo, da si ogledamo \u0161e podrobnej\u0161o zasedenost omenjene mape. To preprosto storimo tako, da prej\u0161njemu du<\/i> ukazu dodamo lokacijo mape \/usr<\/i>.<\/p>\n
# du -sh \/usr\/*<\/pre>\n
221M\u00a0 \u00a0 \/usr\/bin\r\n\r\n4.0K\u00a0 \u00a0 \/usr\/games\r\n\r\n11M\u00a0 \u00a0 \/usr\/include\r\n\r\n1.1G\u00a0 \u00a0 \/usr\/lib\r\n\r\n4.0K\u00a0 \u00a0 \/usr\/lib32\r\n\r\n4.0K\u00a0 \u00a0 \/usr\/lib64\r\n\r\n120K\u00a0 \u00a0 \/usr\/libexec\r\n\r\n4.0K\u00a0 \u00a0 \/usr\/libx32\r\n\r\n56K\u00a0 \u00a0 \/usr\/local\r\n\r\n49M\u00a0 \u00a0 \/usr\/sbin\r\n\r\n202M\u00a0 \u00a0 \/usr\/share\r\n\r\n4.0K\u00a0 \u00a0 \/usr\/src<\/pre>\n
V na\u0161em primeru je najbolj zasedena mapa \/usr\/lib<\/i>, velika je pribli\u017eno 1,1 GB. S takim na\u010dinom se lahko pomikamo poljubno globoko<\/strong> v posamezne mape, direktorije, in dolo\u010dimo najbolj zasedene mape.<\/p>\n
1.4 Izbris odve\u010dnih datotek<\/h3>\n
Sedaj, ko smo na\u0161li najbolj obse\u017ene direktorije, lahko podrobneje preu\u010dimo njihovo vsebino in, v kolikor je to mo\u017eno, odstranimo odve\u010dne datoteke in mape.<\/p>\n
POZOR: Nekatere mape s svojimi datotekami, npr. Mapa \/bin<\/i>, \/boot<\/i> ipd. so klju\u010dnega pomena za splo\u0161no delovanje operacijskega sistema. Pred posegom v te mape (ve\u010d podrobnosti spodaj) svetujemo, da se dodobra prepri\u010date o potrebnosti omenjenih datotek.<\/strong><\/p>\n
\/bin \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Osnovne binarne datoteke za delovanje sistema\r\n\r\n\/boot\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Stati\u010dne datoteke zagonskega programa (ang. boot loader<\/i>)\r\n\r\n\/dev \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Datoteke naprave\r\n\r\n\/etc \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Sistemske nastavitve glede na gostitelja (ang. host<\/i>)\r\n\r\n\/lib \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Osnovne deljene knji\u017enice in moduli jedra (ang. kernel<\/i>)\r\n\r\n\/media \u00a0 \u00a0 To\u010dka za namestitev odstranljivih medijev\r\n\r\n\/mnt\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 To\u010dka za namestitev za\u010dasnega datote\u010dnega sistema\r\n\r\n\/opt \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Programski paketki za razne dodatke\r\n\r\n\/sbin \u00a0 \u00a0 Klju\u010dni sistemske binarne datoteke\r\n\r\n\/srv \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Podatki za storitve, ki jih potrebuje sistem\r\n\r\n\/tmp\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Za\u010dasne datoteke\r\n\r\n\/usr \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Sekundarna hierarhija\r\n\r\n\/var \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Spremenljivi podatki (npr. lokalno predpomnjenje)<\/pre>\n
Po izbrisu odve\u010dnih datotek lahko zasedenost prostora spremljamo s katerim izmed zgoraj-predstavljenih ukazov, npr. df.<\/i><\/p>\n
2 Spremljanje stre\u017eni\u0161kih sredstev<\/h3>\n
V prej\u0161njem poglavju smo si ogledali mo\u017enosti spremljanja in analize zasedenosti prostora na nivoju celotnega VPS stre\u017enika in za posamezne direktorije na njem. V tem razdelku se bomo sre\u010dali z mo\u017enostmi spremljanja preostalih stre\u017eni\u0161kih sredstev, npr. RAM, CPU idr.<\/p>\n
# top<\/pre>\n
Najenostavnej\u0161i na\u010din spremljanja trenutnih delujo\u010dih procesov je uporaba gornjega ukaza, top<\/i>. Slednji izpi\u0161e stalno spreminjajo\u010d se seznam teko\u010dih procesov<\/strong> in jih razvrsti glede na CPU<\/strong> aktivnost<\/strong> posameznega procesa.<\/p>\n
top - 12:50:49 up 4 days, 23 min,\u00a0 1 user,\u00a0 load average: 0.07, 0.02, 0.00\r\n\r\nTasks:\u00a0 95 total, \u00a0 3 running,\u00a0 92 sleeping, \u00a0 0 stopped, \u00a0 0 zombie\r\n\r\n%Cpu(s):\u00a0 0.3 us,\u00a0 0.3 sy,\u00a0 0.0 ni, 99.3 id,\u00a0 0.0 wa,\u00a0 0.0 hi,\u00a0 0.0 si,\u00a0 0.0 st\r\n\r\nMiB Mem : \u00a0 1939.7 total,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 121.4 free,\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 359.2 used, \u00a0 1459.1 buff\/cache\r\n\r\nMiB Swap:\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0.0 total,\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0.0 free,\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0.0 used. \u00a0 1350.1 avail Mem\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 PID USER\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 PR\u00a0 NI\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 VIRT\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 RES\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 SHR S\u00a0 %CPU\u00a0 %MEM \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 TIME+ COMMAND\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a029665 varnish+\u00a0 20 \u00a0 0 \u00a0 86552 \u00a0 1260 \u00a0 1084 R \u00a0 0.7 \u00a0 0.1\u00a0 15:14.47 varnishncsa\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1 root\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 20 \u00a0 0\u00a0 170576\u00a0 12736 \u00a0 8272 S \u00a0 0.0 \u00a0 0.6 \u00a0 0:15.17 systemd\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2 root\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 20 \u00a0 0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0 S \u00a0 0.0 \u00a0 0.0 \u00a0 0:00.04 kthreadd \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3 root \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0 -20 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0 I \u00a0 0.0 \u00a0 0.0 \u00a0 0:00.00 rcu_gp \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4 root \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0 -20 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0 I \u00a0 0.0 \u00a0 0.0 \u00a0 0:00.00 rcu_par_gp \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 6 root \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0 -20 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0 I \u00a0 0.0 \u00a0 0.0 \u00a0 0:00.00 kworker\/0:0H-kblockd \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 9 root \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0 -20 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0 I \u00a0 0.0 \u00a0 0.0 \u00a0 0:00.00 mm_percpu_wq<\/pre>\n
2.1 Ukaz top<\/i><\/h4>\n
Zavoljo bolj\u0161ega poznavanja prikaza podatkov z ukazom top<\/i> je spodaj na voljo razpredelnica z najbolj osnovnimi informacijami.<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Vrstica<\/b><\/td>\nPolje<\/b><\/td>\nPomen<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\ntop<\/td>\nIme programa (ukaza)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n12:50:49<\/td>\nTrenutni \u010das<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nup 4 days, 23 min<\/td>\n\u010cas od kar je bila naprava zadnji\u010d ponovno zagnana (ang. uptime<\/i>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n1 user<\/td>\n\u0160tevilo vpisanih uporabnikov<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nload average: 0.07, 0.02, 0.00<\/td>\nLoad average<\/i> se nana\u0161a na \u0161tevilo procesov, ki \u010dakajo na izvr\u0161itev, t.j. \u0161tevilo procesov, ki so aktivni in si delijo CPU.<\/p>\n
Vsaka izmed treh vrednosti predstavlja razli\u010den \u010dasovni interval; 60 s, 5 min in 15 min. Vrednosti pod 1.0 pomenijo, da naprava ni (pre)obremenjena.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nTasks:<\/td>\nOzna\u010duje \u0161tevilo procesov in njihovo stanje<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n0.3 us<\/td>\nProcent [%] CPU, rabljen za uporabnikove procese t.j. procese izven jedra (kernel<\/i>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n0.3 sy<\/td>\nProcent [%] CPU, rabljen za procese jedra (kernel<\/i>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n0.0 ni<\/td>\nProcent [%] CPU, rabljen s strani \u201cnice<\/i>\u201d procesov\u2014procesov z nizko prioriteto<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n99.3 id<\/td>\nProcent [%] CPU, ki ni v uporabi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\n0.0 wa<\/td>\nProcent [%] CPU, ki \u010daka na I\/O<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nMem:<\/td>\nPrika\u017ee kori\u0161\u010denje RAM<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nSwap:<\/td>\nPrika\u017ee kori\u0161\u010denje \u201cswap<\/i>\u201d navideznega pomnilnika<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
 <\/p>\n
Program top<\/i> razpolaga z ve\u010d uporabnimi ukazi, najpomembnej\u0161a sta h<\/i> (za prikaz pomo\u010di pri uporabi programa) in seveda q<\/i> za izhod iz vizualnega prikaza porabe sredstev.<\/p>\n
V izrisani tabeli, ki se stalno spreminja, lahko zaznamo procese, ki zahtevajo ve\u010djo koli\u010dino stre\u017eni\u0161kih sredstev\u2014v na\u0161em primeru lahko pod drobnogled vzamemo proces 29665<\/i> (stolpec PID<\/i>):<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Stolpec<\/b><\/td>\nPomen<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PID<\/td>\nEdinstvena \u0161tevilka procesa (process ID<\/i>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
USER<\/td>\nUporabnik, ki je spo\u017eil proces<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PR<\/td>\nPredstavlja koliko deljenega spomina koristi proces<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NI<\/td>\n(ang. Nice value<\/i>) predstavlja prioriteto procesa; negativna vrednost predstavlja vi\u0161jo prioriteto, pozitivna ni\u017ejo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
VIRT<\/td>\nSkupno navideznega spomina, ki ga proces terja<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
RES<\/td>\nKoli\u010dina fizi\u010dnega pomnilnika (ki ni swap<\/i>) katerega koristi proces<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SHR<\/td>\nKoli\u010dina deljenega pomnilnika, ki ga proces koristi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
%CPU<\/td>\nKoliko CPU proces trenutno koristi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
%MEM<\/td>\nKoliko fizi\u010dnega pomnilnika proces trenutno koristi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TIME+<\/td>\nKoliko \u010dasa proces koristi CPU<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
COMMAND<\/td>\nKateri ukaz je proces pognal (spro\u017eil)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
 <\/p>\n
Ko najdemo \u201cpodivjani\u201d proces, npr. neustrezen PHP proces, katerega je potrebno zaustaviti (v na\u0161em primeru bomo zavoljo prikaza \u201cubili\u201d proces varnish<\/i>), ga lahko zaustavimo (\u201cubijemo\u201d, ang. \u201ckill<\/i>\u201d) z ukazom kill<\/i>.<\/p>\n
# kill 29665<\/pre>\n
V zgornjem primeru se \u0161tevilka 29665<\/i> nana\u0161a na PID t.j. unikatno \u0161tevilko procesa, ki smo jo pridobili iz zgornje tabele.<\/p>\n
POZOR: Tudi na tem mestu je vredno poudariti, da zaustavitev sistemskih procesov lahko negativno vpliva na delovanje celotnega VPS stre\u017enika in lahko povzro\u010di te\u017eave v delovanju spletnih aplikacij na stre\u017eniku.<\/strong><\/p>\n
V primeru, ko doti\u010dni proces ni \u201cpodivjan\u201d marve\u010d za svoje delovanje potrebuje le ve\u010dji nabor stre\u017eni\u0161kih sredstev, svetujemo nadgradnjo VPS stre\u017enika<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Za nemoteno delovanje va\u0161e spletne strani ali aplikacije je zelo pomembno, da imajo programi (Apache spletni stre\u017enik, MySQL stre\u017enik ipd.) na voljo zadostno koli\u010dino stre\u017eni\u0161kih sredstev\u2014prostor, RAM, CPU, I\/O itn. V primerih, ko sredstva niso prese\u017eena, aplikacije delujejo nemoteno. \u010cim pa katerega izmed sredstev zmanjka, se v delovanju aplikacij (in celotnega VPS stre\u017enika) lahko pojavijo […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"kbtopic":[159,155],"kbtag":[],"class_list":["post-4619","kb","type-kb","status-publish","hentry","kbtopic-uporaba-vps-streznika-vzdrzevano-vps-gostovanje","kbtopic-uporaba-vps-streznika"],"yoast_head":"\nPoraba stre\u017eni\u0161kih sredstev - Podpora domenca.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.domenca.com\/podpora\/kb\/poraba-strezniskih-sredstev\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sl_SI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Poraba stre\u017eni\u0161kih sredstev - Podpora domenca.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Za nemoteno delovanje va\u0161e spletne strani ali aplikacije je zelo pomembno, da imajo programi (Apache spletni stre\u017enik, MySQL stre\u017enik ipd.) na voljo zadostno koli\u010dino stre\u017eni\u0161kih sredstev\u2014prostor, RAM, CPU, I\/O itn. V primerih, ko sredstva niso prese\u017eena, aplikacije delujejo nemoteno. \u010cim pa katerega izmed sredstev zmanjka, se v delovanju aplikacij (in celotnega VPS stre\u017enika) lahko pojavijo […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.domenca.com\/podpora\/kb\/poraba-strezniskih-sredstev\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Podpora domenca.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-04-19T12:37:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"6 minut\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.domenca.com\\\/podpora\\\/kb\\\/poraba-strezniskih-sredstev\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.domenca.com\\\/podpora\\\/kb\\\/poraba-strezniskih-sredstev\\\/\",\"name\":\"Poraba stre\u017eni\u0161kih sredstev - Podpora domenca.com\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.domenca.com\\\/podpora\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-04-19T11:49:39+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-04-19T12:37:09+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.domenca.com\\\/podpora\\\/kb\\\/poraba-strezniskih-sredstev\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"sl-SI\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.domenca.com\\\/podpora\\\/kb\\\/poraba-strezniskih-sredstev\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.domenca.com\\\/podpora\\\/kb\\\/poraba-strezniskih-sredstev\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.domenca.com\\\/podpora\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Poraba stre\u017eni\u0161kih sredstev\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.domenca.com\\\/podpora\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.domenca.com\\\/podpora\\\/\",\"name\":\"Podpora domenca.com\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.domenca.com\\\/podpora\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.domenca.com\\\/podpora\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"sl-SI\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.domenca.com\\\/podpora\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Podpora domenca.com\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.domenca.com\\\/podpora\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"sl-SI\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.domenca.com\\\/podpora\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.domenca.com\\\/podpora\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/03\\\/cropped-dmc_podpora_2025.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.domenca.com\\\/podpora\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/03\\\/cropped-dmc_podpora_2025.png\",\"width\":395,\"height\":82,\"caption\":\"Podpora domenca.com\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.domenca.com\\\/podpora\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Poraba stre\u017eni\u0161kih sredstev - Podpora domenca.com","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.domenca.com\/podpora\/kb\/poraba-strezniskih-sredstev\/","og_locale":"sl_SI","og_type":"article","og_title":"Poraba stre\u017eni\u0161kih sredstev - Podpora domenca.com","og_description":"Za nemoteno delovanje va\u0161e spletne strani ali aplikacije je zelo pomembno, da imajo programi (Apache spletni stre\u017enik, MySQL stre\u017enik ipd.) na voljo zadostno koli\u010dino stre\u017eni\u0161kih sredstev\u2014prostor, RAM, CPU, I\/O itn. 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